We always hear the word petrochemical plants, but what really is a petrochemical plant and what types are there in the world of chemical and process engineering?
Petrochemical Plant uses feedstock usually from natural gas or from petroleum liquids which can be converted to fertilizers such as urea from ammonia, olefins such as propylene, adhesives, detergents, solvents, rubber and elastormers, films and fibers, polymers and resins and others.
Main Types of Petrochemical Plants:
Ethylene Plants:
Ethylene is mainly produced via steam cracking of natural gas, condensate or also known as light liquid hydrocarbons. Ethylene and propylene usually are the main components of the resulting cracked feedstock which will be separated by repeated compression and distillation. Ethylene plants are also called steam crackers or ethane cracker.
Fertilizer Plants:
In fertilizer plant, the feedstock which can also be from coal will be converted into syngas, usually through the Fischer Tropsch process and then converted to ammonia. This is usually integrated with a urea plant which needs CO2 and the ammonia.
Methanol Plants and other Alcohols:
The same syngas from the Fischer-Tropsch process can be used to produce methanol with steam.
Plastic Production Plants:
Plastics come from propylene and ethylene which goes to polymerization to produce polyethylene, polypropylene and other monomores. These polymers will be produced usually in resin forms and can be mould into the plastics as we see today. Additives are also added to change the physical properties of the plastics.
Other Petrochemical Plants: include Acetylene, Butadiene, Sulfuric Acid, Nitric Acid, PTA, Chlorine, and Ethylene Oxide/Ethylene Glycol, Oxy-alcohols and thousands of other types of petrochemical plants which are derivatives from the main petrochemical plants above.
Petrochemical Plant uses feedstock usually from natural gas or from petroleum liquids which can be converted to fertilizers such as urea from ammonia, olefins such as propylene, adhesives, detergents, solvents, rubber and elastormers, films and fibers, polymers and resins and others.
Main Types of Petrochemical Plants:
Ethylene Plants:
Ethylene is mainly produced via steam cracking of natural gas, condensate or also known as light liquid hydrocarbons. Ethylene and propylene usually are the main components of the resulting cracked feedstock which will be separated by repeated compression and distillation. Ethylene plants are also called steam crackers or ethane cracker.
Fertilizer Plants:
In fertilizer plant, the feedstock which can also be from coal will be converted into syngas, usually through the Fischer Tropsch process and then converted to ammonia. This is usually integrated with a urea plant which needs CO2 and the ammonia.
Methanol Plants and other Alcohols:
The same syngas from the Fischer-Tropsch process can be used to produce methanol with steam.
Plastic Production Plants:
Plastics come from propylene and ethylene which goes to polymerization to produce polyethylene, polypropylene and other monomores. These polymers will be produced usually in resin forms and can be mould into the plastics as we see today. Additives are also added to change the physical properties of the plastics.
Other Petrochemical Plants: include Acetylene, Butadiene, Sulfuric Acid, Nitric Acid, PTA, Chlorine, and Ethylene Oxide/Ethylene Glycol, Oxy-alcohols and thousands of other types of petrochemical plants which are derivatives from the main petrochemical plants above.
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